Revistas UPV. Editorial UPV

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Desde esta comunidad se tiene acceso a artículos en texto completo de publicaciones periódicas editadas por diferentes unidades académicas de la Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) gestionadas en la plataforma OJS a través del portal Polipapers

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A contemporary approach to the graphic representation of the urban experience
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2023-10-31) Vicente Gilabert, Cristina; López Sánchez, Marina; Linares Gómez del Pulgar, Mercedes; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
[EN] In the complex field of urban phenomenon analysis and representation, this text addresses the evolution of works specifically dedicated to investigating the relationships established between individuals and the city. It focuses its attention on one of the less studied aspects: the cartographic representation of subjective, emotional, and perceptual aspects related to the experience of navigating and inhabiting an urban space. The city cannot be considered as a neutral or objective space; on the contrary, there will always be an imaginary construct that shapes and accompanies it. This imaginary construct, which determines our way of perceiving, being, and moving within the city, is fundamental for a comprehensive understanding of urban processes and dynamics. Approaching this dialectical relationship between the physical and subjective dimensions of the city, which is intangible in itself, through analysis and graphic representation is now possible thanks to theoretical and, above all, technological advancements. The objective of this text is to contextualize this process by presenting two frames of reference: one conceptual, linked to the evolution of the term landscape, and another methodological, focused on presenting the technical advancements that have been decisive in the evolution of this type of representation. We take a journey through cartographic experiences initiated in the 1960s and arrive at some of the most innovative research lines in this field, such as Biomapping, real-time cartographies, or intelligent cartographies. The aim of the article is to reinforce and emphasize the utility of graphic expression as a tool for urban and territorial decision-making, highlighting its capacity to represent even the most sensitive and complex data. Through a panoramic view of the advancements achieved in recent decades regarding these types of cartographies, it illustrates the interesting convergence that can be delineated today between the traditionally connected areas of graphic expression in Architecture and Urbanism and the new scenarios of data management and analysis.
A hint of the summery goodness of green grass: a look at English descriptors in tasting notes
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2024-07-08) López Arroyo, Belén; Sanz-Valdivieso, Lucia; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; Universidad de Valladolid; Ministerio de Educación y Formación Profesional
[EN] Tasting descriptors, which are common terms used to describe a food product, play a significant role in tasting discourse and particularly in tasting notes. Although they have been the subject of a number of studies from different perspectives, none of them describe and classify descriptors from their form, function and combination in tasting notes in English. In this paper, we examine a corpus of tasting notes with the aim of 1. determining the positioning of English descriptors in relation to the keywords designating the tasting process; 2. scoping the depth of description, as indicated by the number of descriptors; 3. identifying if the descriptors are specific to a given aspect of the food product or are generic enough to be used to describe different aspects of it.; and 4. categorizing frequent semantic associative processed among descriptors and keywords. Our results will be a valuable resource for professionals, technical writers and students tasters in English.
A Knowledge-Based Model for Polarity Shifters
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022-11-23) Blázquez-López, Yolanda; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; European Commission
[EN] Polarity shifting can be considered one of the most challenging problems in the context of Sentiment Analysis. Polarity shifters, also known as contextual valence shifters (Polanyi and Zaenen 2004), are treated as linguistic contextual items that can increase, reduce or neutralise the prior polarity of a word called focus included in an opinion. The automatic detection of such items enhances the performance and accuracy of computational systems for opinion mining, but this challenge remains open, mainly for languages other than English. From a symbolic approach, we aim to advance in the automatic processing of the polarity shifters that affect the opinions expressed on tweets, both in English and Spanish. To this end, we describe a novel knowledge-based model to deal with three dimensions of contextual shifters: negation, quantification, and modality (or irrealis).
Abandon and reuse - The engineered space at a time of pandemics
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022-06-29) García-Esparza, Juan Antonio; Agencia Estatal de Investigación
[EN] This paper critically explores the evaluation of Historic Centres (HC) to establish new perspectives for the management of their values and attributes. The unconventional interpretation of these HC relies on therevision of the UNESCO Operational Guidelines to achieve new approaches to the cultural diversity of these spaces. A methodological approach based on interviews and open data cross-referencing aims to integrate the social and cultural aspects of the World Heritage cities (WH) in Spain. The research analyses the eventual cultural, architectural and social stratification as elements that need updating to manage HC. Therefore, this research addresses narrative interpretations, both of inhabitants and visitors, as forms of behaviour, expressions and adaptations that result in idiosyncratic innovation and experimentation in the urban fabric. The research steams from a series of scientific contributions to the research projects Writing Urban Places, COST Action 18126, and Dynamics of placemaking, COST Action 18204, (2019-2023). Through a mixed methodology of qualitative and quantitative data analysis, the research aims to analyse the interdependenciesbetween physical conservation, social awareness and sustainable development of some WH areas in Spain.Data is analysed by means of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to spatially comprehend the engineeredspace in medium-sized heritage cities.
Análisis de identificabilidad estructural de un sistema de transferencia de calor
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2023-09-29) Sanz Bermejo, Fco. Javier; Ramirez-Laboreo, Edgar; Sagüés Blázquiz, Carlos; Gobierno de Aragón; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; European Regional Development Fund
[EN] Excessive energy consumption is currently a big deal for society. Part of the solution to this problem is to improve the efficiency of extensive use systems, particularly thermal systems. One way to address this is through the building of energy improvement oriented models. These models depend on a priori unknown parameters that must be estimated. In this sense, identifiability is an essential property to be analyzed in any parametric estimation process. In this paper, we present a lumped-parameter model of a thermal system. Then, we analyze its identifiability using the local isomorphism theorem. Finally, we discuss two scenarios depending on the measured variables. In the first one we have measurements of the complete state and we show that the model is identifiable, while in the second one we have partial measurements and the model turns out to be non-identiafiable. Finally, we propose an additional analysis in which we determine the minimum set of variables to be measured for the model to be identifiable.
Análisis de rendimiento del rechazo de perturbaciones en controladores cuadráticos lineales: un método práctico de sintonía adaptativo
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2023-11-08) Pataro, Igor M. L.; D. Gil, Juan; Guzmán, José L.; M. Lemos, João; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Portugal; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Brasil
[EN] This paper proposes an adaptive tuning method for the Linear-Quadratic FeedForward (LQ-FF) optimal controller. The procedure aims to reject disturbances while maintaining the reference tracking performance of the conventional LQ controller. The adaptive mechanism is formulated by analyzing each element of the control signal LQ-FF concerning state regulation, reference change, and disturbance compensation. The disturbance rejection mechanism is based on the classical strategy used in Proportional-IntegralDerivative controllers and the theoretical analysis studied in previous works for predictive controllers, which aim to obtain the inverse dynamics of the disturbances and process inputs in relation to the outputs. In addition, a comparison is presented between an augmented state space model and a model with a polynomial delay approximation for treating delays associated with disturbances and process inputs in the controller formulation. The proposed method effectively controls a validated nonlinear temperature system, maintaining performance equivalent to the conventional LQ controller for reference tracking while entirely rejecting disturbance effects. The proposed tuning achieves 10 % less output error, with an increase of only 18 % in the control effort compared to conventional tuning in simulations.
Análisis integral del lavado y arrastre de sólidos en suspensión en cuencas urbanas utilizando un simulador de lluvia a escala real
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022-10-28) Naves, Juan; Puertas, Jerónimo; Suárez, Joaquín; Anta, Jose; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad; Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte; Xunta de Galicia
[EN] Due the lack of accurate experimental data to develop and validate surface urban wash-off and sediment transport models, this study presents an extensive experimental campaign in which the variables involved in wash-off and sediment transport processes are precisely measured in a 1:1 scale urban drainage physical model of 36 m2. In these experiments, different sediment granulometries and rain intensities were tested measuring surface and in-pipe water depths; surface velocities using imaging techniques; flow discharges, total suspended solids concentrations and particle size distributions at the entrance of the gully pots and at the pipe system outlet; and performing mass balances with the sediment that remains deposited at the end of the experiments in the different parts of the model. Raw and processed data obtained is openly available in Zenodo repository (https://zenodo.org/communities/washtreet).
Análisis temporal y frecuencial de presiones medidas en la solera de cuencos de aliviaderos de vertido libre
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2019-10-31) Marco, F.; Carrillo, J.M.; Castillo, L.G.; García, J.T.; Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte; Agencia Estatal de Investigación
[EN] Free falling jet is one of the most common energy dissipation methods used in the overtopping of dams. This work presents the time and frequency analysis of pressure measurements obtained at the bottom of a plunge pool downstream of free falling jets in an experimental facility. A relative large device (falling height up to 2.85 m and impingement jet velocities between 5.3 and 7.6 m/s) has been used in the study. The behavior of the four types of free falling jets classified in previous studies has been analyzed in the time and the frequency domains. The study focuses on the pressure on the stagnation point. The pressure distributions near the stagnation point have been also analyzed. Finally, the results have been compared with the frequencies behavior for circular and rectangular jets available in the literature.
Análisis y diseño de sistemas lineales con parámetros variantes utilizando LMIs
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2018-12-13) Rotondo, Damiano; Sánchez, Helem S.; Nejjari, Fatiha; Puig, Vicenç; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad
[EN] This paper presents a tutorial on analysis and design of linear parameter varying (LPV) systems using linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Several specifications, such as D-stability, guaranteed H∞ performance and guaranteed quadratic cost, as well as different control structures, such as state-feedback control, output-feedback control and observer-based control, are considered. A numerical example and a simplified model of a two-degrees-of-freedom helicopter (TRMS) are used to illustrate in a didactic manner the overall design methodology using LMIs.
Analysis of the integration of Sustainable Development Goals in the Industrial Engineering Degree
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2023-04-04) Bracho León, Gabriela Cristina; Pedrosa Sanchez, Ana Maria; Klyatskina, Elizaveta; Maheut, Julien Philippe Dominique; Bernal Pérez, Soledad Inmaculada; Giner Navarro, Juan; Dpto. de Organización de Empresas; Dpto. de Máquinas y Motores Térmicos; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería del Diseño; Dpto. de Ingeniería Mecánica y de Materiales; Dpto. de Ingeniería Eléctrica; Instituto Universitario CMT - Motores Térmicos; Instituto Universitario de Investigación Concertado de Ingeniería Mecánica y Biomecánica; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial; Grupo de Investigación en Reingeniería, Organización, trabajo en Grupo y Logística Empresarial - ROGLE; Universitat Politècnica de València; Agencia Estatal de Investigación
[EN] Universities play a key role in transforming society, which necessarily leads them to promote the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) laid down in the UN s 2030 Agenda. The Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial (ETSII) of the Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) is working on a project to design and develop strategies and interventions to include the SDGs in their degree courses. For this, the present paper proposes a map of the industrial subjects in both the BSc in Engineering in Industrial Technologies and the MSc in Industrial Engineering to determine how far the SDGs have been incorporated into these courses. An exhaustive review of the syllabus of the related subjects was carried out, together with a diagnosis of the current status of the SDG concepts so far included. The subsequent analysis of the data identified the possibilities of each subject to develop a sense of responsibility for educating students in the SDGs.
Aplicación de estrategias psicológicas y sociales para incrementar el vínculo en interacción humano-robot
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2023-03-31) Carrasco Martínez, Sara; Gamboa Montero, Juan José; Maroto Gómez, Marcos; Alonso Martín, Fernando; Salichs, Miguel Ángel; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; Comunidad de Madrid; European Commission; European Social Fund
[EN] Social robotics faces the challenge of designing robots that are useful to society, can be used frequently, and that people trust. This problem can be addressed by developing robots with a high degree of bonding and engagement with their users. We propose to apply various strategies related to social psychology and game theory in the field of social robotics. The goal is to achieve bonding between the robot and its users, producing longer interaction times to increase the use of the robot on a daily basis. The combination of the different strategies focuses on developing social robots that facilitate and promote interaction with their users. As a novelty in this work, psychological strategies are incorporated in the field of social robotics. Specifically, to improve the utilization and engagement in our Mini social robot. Besides, we show the results obtained in the validation of the method in experiments performed by 21 elderly participants. These results demonstrate the usefulness of our system to increase the interaction time with the robot during entertainment sessions.
Application of real-time rendering technology to archaeological heritage virtual reconstruction: the example of Casas del Turuñuelo (Guareña, Badajoz, Spain)
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2023-01-18) Rodríguez González, Esther; Casals Ausió, Josep R.; Celestino Pérez, Sebastián; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
[EN] Virtual reconstruction has become a fundamental tool to study and analyse archaeological heritage, given its usefulness for both research and dissemination. Although the discipline has advanced exponentially in recent years, the workflow used in most jobs is still based on the offline methodology as the preferred rendering engine. In contrast, this paper proposes the substitution of this methodology with the new ray tracing in real-time rendering technology; specifically, the authors used Unreal Engine to develop virtual reconstruction work as a research tool during the excavation of an archaeological site, as well as to disseminate the results of the study of each phase. The aim is to exploit the advantages of the immediacy of calculating high-quality and realistic lighting and materials, as well as the interaction and immersion in the virtual model that this system for the development of video games offers. This paper highlights: a) the benefits detected when using real-time technology in heritage reconstruction during the work carried out to date, and b) its limitations and its future evolution with the development of the technology. To demonstrate the usefulness of this tool, the authors present the reconstruction project of the Casas del Turuñuelo site (Guareña, Badajoz). It is one of the best preserved protohistoric sites in the Western Mediterranean, which is why applying this technology to this case study was considered appropriate. The excellent architectural preservation of the Casas del Turuñuelo building is an extraordinary example to assess the usefulness of applying video game engines to heritage reconstruction. This settlement is one of the first known examples of this technology being applied to heritage, specifically, to the virtualisation of an archaeological site under excavation. This methodology and its improvements will be applied to the virtual reconstruction of this project as the excavation of this site advances; thus, one of the main outreach tools developed within the framework of Building Tartessos project will be made available to users as a final product. Highlights: The use of real-time rendering with ray tracing technology as a tool for heritage virtual reconstruction is proposed. The possibilities that the use of next-generation video game engines, specifically Unreal Engine, offer are evaluated in terms of their application in heritage virtualisation. The first results of the virtual reconstruction of the Tartessian site of Casas del Turuñuelo are presented, after using real-time ray tracing technology as a research method to create and review architectural hypotheses.
Aprendizaje Automático en la Identificación de Sistemas. Un Caso de Estudio en la Predicción de la Generación Eléctrica de un Parque Eólico
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2018-12-13) Aguilar, R.M.; Torres, J.M.; Martín, C.A.; Agencia Estatal de Investigación
[EN] One of the greatest technical challenges of today is obtaining predictive models for complex systems. In this paper we propose using data collected during a process to identify said process by means of automatic learning algorithms. Specifically, we describe the development of a project to determine the predictive model of a system based on supervised automatic learning algorithms. As an example, we use the problem of determining the energy generated in a wind farm. We do so by studying how the data collected are transformed, the search for the best algorithm, how to determine its goodness, and finally, the training and adjustment of the selected model. This study relies on the Python programming language, which has libraries that facilitate this type of project, and the Jupyter Notebook environment to carry out the project and disseminate the results.
Arquitectura distribuida modular para el control inteligente del tráfico
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022-12-28) Uribe-Chavert, Pedro; Posadas Yagüe, Juan Luís; Balbastre Betoret, Patricia; Poza Luján, José Luis; Dpto. de Informática de Sistemas y Computadores; Instituto Universitario de Automática e Informática Industrial; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Informática; Agencia Estatal de Investigación
[EN] The management of people and vehicles mobility is an aspect of continuous study due to its contribution to pollution. Traffic light control determines the queues that can form at crossroads. Usually, this control is not adapted to the existing traffi at a specific time since the adaptation implies knowing the pedestrians and vehicles circulating at all times. This article proposes using modular intelligent devices that allow vehicles to be detected and access times to the intersection to be changed depending on the circumstances. A simulation has been carried out generating loads in MatLab and simulating the control with Simulink. A traffic light cycle with fixed times has been simulated and compared with cycles with varying service times depending on a load of pedestrians and vehicles. In the article, the Op and Sat indicators are proposed to measure the optimisation of the control algorithm on the crossing state. Using these indicators, it has been shown that it is possible to optimise the waiting time by 50%, almost independently of the traffic load in the best case.
Arquitectura software para el sistema robótico de manipulación dual HortiRobot
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2024-06-30) Rodríguez-Nieto, Daniel; Ojeda, Marta; Navas, Eduardo; Fernández, Roemi; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; European Commission
[EN] The software architecture is a crucial component in any autonomous robotic system, as it defines the organizational structure and interactions of the different modules that compose it. For an autonomous robotic system to perform various tasks, diverse processes are required, such as perceiving the environment, representing knowledge, making decisions, and planning movements. While the development of each of these processes is fundamental, their integration into a functional architecture for implementation is equally important. This integration has profound implications for resource management, adaptability to different environments and tasks, flexibility to modify or expand functionalities and address new requirements, and ease of system maintenance and updates. Therefore, this article presents the software architecture designed to control, communicate, and integrate the various modules that make up a mobile bimanipulator, highlighting among its main advantages the ease of debugging errors and conducting tests for new applications without the inherent risk of damaging the physical equipment. To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposal, the implementation of the architecture is validated through its application to the mobile dual-arm robotic system HortiRobot, designed to perform various tasks involved in the life cycle of agricultural crops.
Cálculo de la evolución espacio-temporal de la recarga al acuífero cuaternario del Campo de Cartagena (SE España) desde 1970 a 2022
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2024-07-31) Alcaraz, Mar; Polo, María José; Hornero, Jorge; Jiménez-Martínez, Joaquín; Alcolea, Andrés; Manzano, Marisol; Agencia Estatal de Investigación
[EN] The objectives of the work are to assess the temporal and spatial evolution of recharge to the Quaternary aquifer of the Campo de Cartagena from 1970 to 2022 and to generate input maps for a numerical groundwater flow model. To achieve them, meteorological data has been collected; available information on land uses has been compiled and contrasted, paying special attention to the temporal evolution of spatial distribution; groundwater recharge has been calculated with the code VisualBALAN, and recharge maps reflecting the spatial and temporal evolution during the simulated period has been generated with the support of QGIS. The calculated recharge has been successfully calibrated and validated with piezometric time series. The calculated average total recharge is 91 hm3 year-1 for the entire period; the extreme values are 24 hm3 in 1978 and 172 hm3 in 2008. This translates to an average recharge coefficient of 16%, a minimum value of 8% and a maximum of 24%.
Cambios en la producción primaria bruta (GPP) de la vegetación natural en la Comunidad Valenciana (2001-2018)
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2023-01-30) Martínez, Beatriz; Sánchez-Ruiz, Sergio; Campos-Taberner, Manuel; García-Haro, Francisco Javier; Gilabert, María Amparo; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; European Regional Development Fund
[EN] This work analyzes the vegetation changes in the Comunidad Valenciana observed during the period 2001-2018, using the daily GPP (Gross Primary Production) time series at 1-km spatial resolution derived from Earth observation-based (EO) data. The GPP time series have been obtained from EO-based data (e.g., MODIS/Terra-Aqua and SEVIRI/MSG) and meteorological (e.g., precipitation and temperature) data using the light use efficiency model proposed by Monteith. The carbon fluxes detection has been performed by means of a multi-resolution analysis (MRA) based on the wavelet transform (WT). This analysis allows to decomposing the signal into different temporal resolution components. The interanual trend determines the vegetation change, positive (greening) or negative (browning) of vegetation photosynthetic activity over long-term scales. The negative long-term changes observed in natural vegetation reveal the presence of areas characterized by high degradated conditions. This is the case of Natural Pack of Serra d Espadà in Castellon province, which is also controlled by a local ecosystem conservation program. To identify more precisely these areas, the areas affected by abrupt changes (associated to forest fires) in which vegetation has not been yet recovered have been removed. In this case, the results show a good agreement with the official burnt areas from the local government.
Caracterización de lentes multifocales mediante un laboratorio virtual basado en la óptica de Fourier
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2023-07-28) Ferrando Martín, Vicente; Montagud Martínez, Diego; Monsoriu Serra, Juan Antonio; Remón, Laura; Furlan, Walter D.; Dpto. de Física Aplicada; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería del Diseño; Centro de Tecnologías Físicas: Acústica, Materiales y Astrofísica; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y del Medio Natural; Escuela de Doctorado; Generalitat Valenciana; Agencia Estatal de Investigación
[ES] En este trabajo presentamos un nuevo laboratorio virtual, desarrollado en Python, que permite la caracterización óptica de una serie de lentes multifocales bajo diferentes parámetros de configuración (esfera, cilindro, eje, diámetro de pupila, aberración esférica, ...) mediante diferentes métricas basadas en la óptica de Fourier, tales como la Función de Transferencia de Modulación (MTF), la Función de Dispersión del Punto (PSF) y la simulación de formación de imágenes de diferentes optotipos.
Caracterización de minerales de arcilla y óxidos de hierro mediante espectroscopía de reflectancia difusa (VNIR–SWIR)
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2020-06-23) Báscones, A.; Suárez, M.; Ferrer-Julià, M.; García-Meléndez, E.; Colmenero-Hidalgo, E.; Quirós, A.; Junta de Castilla y León; Agencia Estatal de Investigación
[ES] Se ha realizado el análisis mineralógico a través de las propiedades espectrales desarrolladas por muestras de suelos y sedimentos del borde noroccidental de la Cuenca del Duero. Las absorciones producidas por los óxidos y oxihidróxidos de hierro (hematites y goethita, principalmente) están localizadas en zonas del VNIR (400-1200 nm), mientras que las bandas de absorción presentes en los espectros del SWIR (1200-2500 nm) están relacionadas con la composición química de minerales arcillosos. Los espectros de reflectancia medidos en laboratorio han sido normalizados aplicando los métodos del Continuum Removal (CR) y la segunda derivada (SD). Este último puede resolver la superposición de bandas al cuantificar sutiles inflexiones de la curva. Esto ha permitido examinar las bandas de absorción por separado midiendo los parámetros geométricos desarrollados en ellas. La proporción de los minerales influye en la respuesta espectral y, por tanto, en los valores de los parámetros. Se han realizado correlaciones lineales entre estos valores y la proporción de las diferentes fases minerales obtenidas por difracción de rayos X. De los parámetros estudiados, la correlación entre la posición del centro de banda (BC) en la máxima absorción alrededor de longitudes de onda de 890-960 nm y la profundidad del rasgo de absorción a 470 nm (D470) ha permitido realizar una estimación relativa de la proporción de hematites/goethita. En cuanto a la distribución de los diferentes minerales de arcilla, se ha podido establecer una correlación entre la proporción de caolinita y la profundidad de las bandas de absorción a 1415 y 2210 nm, y en los rasgos de absorción cercanos a 1390 y 2160 nm, analizados en SD.
Caracterización del estado de los ecosistemas terrestres a través de las variaciones interanuales de RUE (Rain Use Efficiency)
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2023-07-28) Simó Martí, Marina; Martínez, Beatriz; Gilabert, María Amparo; Dpto. de Ingeniería Cartográfica Geodesia y Fotogrametría; Grupo de Cartografía Geoambiental y Teledetección; Universitat de València; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; European Regional Development Fund
[EN] Ecosystems degradation has increased in recent decades and climate change is expected to increase the risk of such processes in the coming years, especially in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. The purpose of this work is to characterize the state of the terrestrial ecosystems of the Spanish mainland and the Balearic Islands through the temporal analysis of the variable RUE (Rain Use Efficiency) during the period 2004-2018. Annual RUE images have been calculated as the quotient between annual gross primary production (GPP) and annual cumulative precipitation (PPT) in a 1 km spatial resolution, and the values have been later normalized. The annual GPP is derived from the daily GPP, obtained using an optimization of the Monteith model and the PPT from daily precipitation images, which are computed by applying a kriging to the data from AEMet network stations. Temporal analysis of the RUE has been made by calculating the slope from a Mann-Kendall test and Sen-Theil method. RUE has been analyzed at three levels of study: at regional level, by vegetation types and at pixel level. The results have shown a negative trend of the normalized RUE (between -0.05 and -0.25 year-1) for most of the area, for the 9 classes of vegetation (the forest classes being the ones that have presented the steepest slopes) and in 5 of the 8 ecosystems analyzed at pixel level. A decline in the RUE indicates some degree of degradation in vegetation cover. From the analysis of the results it has been extracted that the interannual variability of the RUE is largely mediated by precipitation, presenting a negative correlation. On the other hand, it has been observed that GPP has experienced a progressive increase in recent years known as greening process.

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