Economía Agraria y Recursos Naturales - Agricultural and Resource Economics - Vol 04, No 8 (2004)
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Artículos
- «Decoupling» agricultural support: An international perspective
- Economic analysis of soil erosion: The off-site effects evaluation in the Genil basin
- The Main Contributions to the Theory of Environmental Regulation: The Last Forty Years
- Tipology of farms based on its economic and demographic viability; application to dairy and cattle farms in Galicia (Spain)
- Factors affecting the price of beef: An hedonic analysis
- Preferences heterogeneity and choice experiments: A random parameters logit applied to the demand of walnuts
- Total factor productivity in the chilean crop sector: 1961-1996
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- PublicationTotal factor productivity in the chilean crop sector: 1961-1996(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2004) Olavarría, Jaime A.; Bravo-Ureta, Boris; Cocchi, Horacio[EN] The main objective of this paper is to determine the productivity growth in the Chilean Agricultural sector during the 1961-1996 period. Total Factor Productivity (TFP) was calculated using the Törnqvist index, which is a discrete approximation to the Divisia index. The data used to estimate these indexes are prices and quantities for 51 crops, and for four inputs —labor, land, capital and intermediate factors. The rate of annual growth for the period 1961-96 was 2,69% and –0,09%, for products and inputs, respectively. Therefore, the TFP grew at an average annual rate of 2,78%. Given a significant annual variability in TFP growth, an analysis was carried out for seven sub-periods corresponding to different political regimes. TFP grew at an annual average of 1,83% with Alessandri (1961-64), 3,12% under the period of Frei Montalva (1965-70), 1,52% during the Allende years (1971-73), 6,11% during the first part of the Pinochet regime and –0,28% in the second period of Pinochet (1981-89), 3,12% during Aylwin (1990-93) and 5,28% under Frei Ruiz-Tagle (1994-96). The results suggest that the land reform program implemented in the 1960s did not have a negative effect on TFP growth, as has been previously argued by some authors.
- PublicationPreferences heterogeneity and choice experiments: A random parameters logit applied to the demand of walnuts(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2004) Camarena, Dena M.; Sanjuán, Ana I.[EN] Consumers’ stated preferences towards walnuts are studied by means of a choice experiment, with a double objective: first, to identify the main attributes searched by consumer at purchase and second, to analyse the chances for the introduction into the Spanish market of the Pecan variety. From this study, commercial guidelines may be derived, that helps distribution and import companies to commercialise this nut. A mixed or random parameters logit is estimated which relaxes the IIA property (independence of irrelevant alternatives) present in the logit model with fixed parameters. In a mixed logit, coefficients of each attribute/level vary randomly across consumers, reflecting the heterogeneity of individuals’ preferences. This model also allows estimate efficiently the parameters when each individual chooses several times, as in the present study.
- PublicationFactors affecting the price of beef: An hedonic analysis(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2004) Gracia Royo, Azucena; Pérez y Pérez, Luis[EN] Beef market has been affected by recent food products crises. The consumer’s decision is being related to the price and this one by the product characteristics and by other factors which can in fluence the consumer’s utility. The objective of the paper is to analyse the economic value of the beef attributes influencing the consumer’s purchase decision using an hedonic prices methodology. Data come from two surveys carried out on 540 consumers in Zaragoza City in the years 2001 and 2002. In the econometric estimation, a flexible functional form is assumed, the Box-Cox transformation. This approach solves the functional form problem. Results show that the consumers’ assessment on the beef attributes does not change from one year to another and that the designation of origin is the most important characteristic determining the beef price.
- PublicationTipology of farms based on its economic and demographic viability; application to dairy and cattle farms in Galicia (Spain)(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2004) Sineiro Garcia, Francisco; López Iglesias, Edelmiro; Lorenzana Fernández, Roberto; Valdês Paços, Bernardo[EN] In this article, data bases from the 1989 and 1999 Agricultural Censuses are employed in order to elaborate a typology of the bovine farms in Galicia, which is based on the farms economic and demographic viability. The analysis allows us to conclude that the sector is integrated by three large groups of farms, with very different characteristics and perspectives. The first group is made of farms with economic and demographic viability, representing only 1/5 of the total although concentrating most of the output, whereas the second contains 1/3 of the total number of farms which are operated by farmers aged 55 or above without successor, and in its majority of very small size. Finally, the third is the most numerous group (50% of the total) and formed by farms with a more uncertain future, because they have possibility of succession but are not economically viable. Thus, the obtained results are used in three ways: to offer an analysis of the present structure of the sector, to interpret its recent transformations, and to project the tendencies for the next decade (1999-2009).
- PublicationThe Main Contributions to the Theory of Environmental Regulation: The Last Forty Years(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2004) Viladrich Grau, Montserrat[EN] In this article I present the main contributions to the theory of environmental regulation developed during the last forty years. I begin the analysis in the sixties and seventies reviewing the main articles of these years, focusing in the comparison of the properties of the instruments based on economic incentives and of the instruments based on quantities. Next I evaluate the policy developments of the eighties, centering my attention on the generalization of the systems of marketable permits. Finally, I analyze how in the nineties the main interest of environmental regulation is oriented towards the solution of global environmental problems.