Artículos, conferencias, monografías

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Esta colección está formada por artículos, conferencias, comunicaciones y otras publicaciones elaborados por miembros de la Universitat Politècnica de València.

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A Combined Use of GPR Data With Historical Archives for Identifying Pavement Construction Periods of Valencian Silos (16th Century, Spain)
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2015-08-27) Valls Ayuso, Ana; García García, Francisco; Ramírez Blanco, Manuel Jesús; Benlloch Marco, Javier; Dpto. de Construcciones Arquitectónicas; Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura; Centro de Investigación de Tecnología de la Edificación; Generalitat Valenciana
This paper describes the combined use of ground penetrating radar (GPR) data with historical archives performed in the silo-yard of Valencia (Spain) to identify and map various pavement construction periods. The Valencian silos were constructed to house the underground grain storage of Valencia City. This architectural complex is composed of three buildings and a big square (silo-yard), under which 41 silos are placed. The construction of the silo-yard pavement extended for two centuries (16 18th century) following different construction systems. Historical archives confirmed seven pavement construction periods. However, archive data provided scant information on pavement layers and the construction periods. A GPR survey was carried out for pinpointing the seven pavement construction periods. A GSSI SIR-3000 equipment with a 400-MHz frequency antenna was used for collecting 1 × 1 m grid −141 profiles across the square (5110 m2), reaching 1.5-m depth. In addition, a GPS survey was performed specifically for surface mapping the silo-yard in detail. The combined use of the GPR data (2-D reflection profiles, spectra, and amplitude slice maps) with the historical archives allowed identifying and delineating the different pavement construction periods on the silo-yard map in terms of materials and thicknesses. These results demonstrate GPR is a noninvasive and nondestructive technique for mapping soils and near surface horizons. Additionally, the combined use of the GPR data with the historical documentation makes this technique even more efficient for the comprehension of shallow ground layers, especially in cultural heritage studies.
A discussion concerning active infrared thermography in the evaluation of buildings air infiltration
(Elsevier, 2018-06-01) Lerma Elvira, Carlos; Barreira, E.; Almeida, R.M.S.F.; Dpto. de Construcciones Arquitectónicas; Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura; Centro de Investigación de Tecnología de la Edificación; European Regional Development Fund; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Portugal
[EN] The EU is strongly committed to energy saving in buildings. Air leaks through the building envelope represent a significant percentage of buildings energy consumption. Locating and minimizing air leaks is thus necessary to optimize energy efficiency. This work presents the results of an experimental campaign that aimed to promote a discussion concerning the opportunities and constraints of using active IRT to detect air leakage points. The potential of active IRT was evaluated both in a qualitative approach, by comparing the thermograms with the ones obtained with passive IRT, and in a quantitative one, by testing methods of numerically interpret the thermograms. The results allowed concluding that active IRT increases the thermal contrast and the affected area, proving that active IRT combined with pressure differences is an effective methodology for detecting air infiltrations. In the quantitative approach different numerical methods can be used. Their selection depends on the aims of the study, as they can highlight different perspectives of the phenomenon. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
A multi-analysis characterization of medieval and vernacular coating mortars in rural Valencia (Spain): An experimental study for a Heritage Action Plan
(Elsevier, 2018-06) García-Esparza, Juan A.; Pardo, Francisco; Palmero Iglesias, Luís Manuel; Dpto. de Construcciones Arquitectónicas; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Edificación; Centro de Investigación de Tecnología de la Edificación; Universitat Jaume I; Ajuntament de Castelló de la Plana; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad
[EN] Almost all the facades of rural vernacular constructions were rendered in order to protect and decorate the masonry walls. Therefore, this study has been carried out in order to identify and classify the different vernacular techniques for producing mortar over history in a given geographical region through the combination of petrophysic, chemical and organoleptic analysis, going on to classify and date constructions for which there were no recorded data. The results show that mortars do indeed contain a wealth of information, which situates these constructions in a specific period of history and allows relationships to be established between construction stages and techniques. The results have also demonstrated that mortars are mainly composed of lime rather than gypsum as was erroneously assumed before the study. So, the determination of components and techniques has been considered a crucial aspect to be taken into account when working on the conservation, of contemporary aesthetic interventions for which the combination of petrophysical, chemical and organoleptic analysis is necessary to guarantee compatibility between existing mortars and new ones.
A Multimodal Research Approach to Assessing the Karst Structural Conditions of the Ceiling of a Cave with Palaeolithic Cave Art Paintings: Polychrome Hall at Altamira Cave (Spain)
(MDPI AG, 2023-11) Bayarri, Vicente; Prada, Alfredo; García García, Francisco; Dpto. de Ingeniería Cartográfica Geodesia y Fotogrametría; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Geodésica, Cartográfica y Topográfica; Centro de Investigación de Tecnología de la Edificación; Gobierno de Cantabria
[EN] Integrating geomatics remote sensing technologies, including 3D terrestrial laser scanning, unmanned aerial vehicles, and ground penetrating radar enables the generation of comprehensive 2D, 2.5D, and 3D documentation for caves and their surroundings. This study focuses on the Altamira Cave¿s karst system in Spain, resulting in a thorough 3D mapping encompassing both cave interior and exterior topography along with significant discontinuities and karst features in the vicinity. Crucially, GPR mapping confirms that primary vertical discontinuities extend from the near-surface (Upper Layer) to the base of the Polychrome layer housing prehistoric paintings. This discovery signifies direct interconnections helping with fluid exchange between the cave¿s interior and exterior, a groundbreaking revelation. Such fluid movement has profound implications for site conservation. The utilization of various GPR antennas corroborates the initial hypothesis regarding fluid exchanges and provides concrete proof of their occurrence. This study underscores the indispensability of integrated 3D mapping and GPR techniques for monitoring fluid dynamics within the cave. These tools are vital for safeguarding Altamira, a site of exceptional significance due to its invaluable prehistoric cave paintings.
A Multisensory Analysis of the Moisture Course of the Cave of Altamira (Spain): Implications for Its Conservation
(MDPI AG, 2024-01) Bayarri, Vicente; Prada, Alfredo; García García, Francisco; De Las Heras, Carmen; Fatás, Pilar; Dpto. de Ingeniería Cartográfica Geodesia y Fotogrametría; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Geodésica, Cartográfica y Topográfica; Centro de Investigación de Tecnología de la Edificación; Gobierno de Cantabria
[EN] This paper addresses the conservation problems of the cave of Altamira, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Santillana del Mar, Cantabria, Spain, due to the effects of moisture and water inside the cave. The study focuses on the description of methods for estimating the trajectory and zones of humidity from the external environment to its eventual dripping on valuable cave paintings. To achieve this objective, several multisensor remote sensing techniques, both aerial and terrestrial, such as 3D laser scanning, a 2D ground penetrating radar, photogrammetry with unmanned aerial vehicles, and high-resolution terrestrial techniques are employed. These tools allow a detailed spatial analysis of the moisture and water in the cave. The paper highlights the importance of the dolomitic layer in the cave and how it influences the preservation of the ceiling, which varies according to its position, whether it is sealed with calcium carbonate, actively dripping, or not dripping. In addition, the crucial role of the central fracture and the areas of direct water infiltration in this process is examined. This research aids in understanding and conserving the site. It offers a novel approach to water-induced deterioration in rock art for professionals and researchers.
Affective evaluation of the luminous environment in university classrooms
(Elsevier, 2018) Castilla Cabanes, Nuria; Llinares Millán, María del Carmen; Bisegna, Fabio; Blanca Giménez, Vicente; Dpto. de Organización de Empresas; Dpto. de Construcciones Arquitectónicas; Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura; Instituto Universitario de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana; Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Tecnología Centrada en el Ser Humano; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Edificación; Centro de Investigación de Tecnología de la Edificación; Agencia Estatal de Investigación
[EN] Universities worldwide are adopting new teaching methods and using new educational technologies. This progress requires changes in their physical environment, especially in the case of lighting, which is regarded as fundamental because of its recognised effect on the learning process. Different light levels are needed for new classroom tasks. The aim of the present paper is to analyse the affective impressions of university students with regard to the luminous environment in their classroom, in relation to the different tasks they carry out there. This analysis is conducted in the frame of Kansei Engineering. A sample of 854 students assessed in situ the luminous environment of 29 classrooms. In the first stage, subjective evaluation scales adapted to the students were defined and then related to the classroom tasks. The results show that students' affective responses in the assessment of the luminous environment in their classroom can be explained through the following dimensions: Clear-efficient, Uniform, Cheerful-colourful, Warm cosy, Surprising-amazing and Intense-brilliant. The relation of these dimensions to the tasks shows that the luminous environments in the classrooms need to be changed in accordance with the nature of the tasks. The environment should be different for the tasks groups of Writing-reading, Reflecting-discussing (for collaborative work) and Paying attention. It seems, therefore, that new classroom lighting guidelines, tailored to the new methodologies and technologies, are needed.
Un algoritmo matricial RUPSP/GRUPSP "sin interrupción" para la planificación de la producción bajo metodología Lean construction basado en procesos productivos
(Pontificia Uversidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Construcción Civil, 2011) Ponz Tienda, José Luis; Benlloch Marco, Javier; Andrés Romano, Carlos; Gil Senabre, María Doria; Dpto. de Organización de Empresas; Dpto. de Construcciones Arquitectónicas; Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial; Grupo de Investigación en Reingeniería, Organización, trabajo en Grupo y Logística Empresarial - ROGLE; Centro de Investigación de Tecnología de la Edificación
[EN] Production Planning and Scheduling in the field of construction may be the great pending construction scheduling subject, and one of the mahor objectives of the Lean Construction methodology. In this article, is intended to clarify the limitations of the calculation algorithems used, and offer a new algorithm for programming projects in Lean Construction environments through grpahs PDM (Diagramming Method Precedence) without interruption (not splitting allowed) and generalized precedence relations (GPR's) based on constructive processes for the correct application of scheduling optimization and production control models.
An approach to defining strategies for improving city perception. Case study of Valencia, Spain
(Elsevier, 2013-12) Llinares Millán, María del Carmen; Page Del Pozo, Alvaro Felipe; Llinares Millán, Jaime; Dpto. de Física Aplicada; Dpto. de Organización de Empresas; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Telecomunicación; Dpto. de Construcciones Arquitectónicas; Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Tecnología Centrada en el Ser Humano; Instituto Universitario de Investigación Concertado de Ingeniería Mecánica y Biomecánica; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Edificación; Centro de Investigación de Tecnología de la Edificación
In times of economic crisis, scanty resources must be invested in improving attributes that citizens perceive as relevant. In this regard, many studies have analysed the set of attributes in a city that are able to increase citizen satisfaction. These studies consider that the relationship between these variables (attributes-citizens’ response) is linear. Thus urban managers will decide to invest in all attributes with low levels of implementation. However, as theoretical and empirical studies have shown this relationship may be non-linear, so investments may be made in attributes where citizens do not perceive improvements. Kano’s Model provides an effective way of categorising user requirements and helps understand the nature of these requirements considering possible non-linear behaviours. This technique categorises the attributes into three classes depending on their ability to create satisfaction or cause dissatisfaction: exciter, linear and basic. This paper attempts to present a method for defining strategies that improve perception of the city using Kano’s classification. A practical example in the city of Valencia (Spain) is presented. A sample of 153 citizens evaluated different neighbourhoods in the city. The study defines the attributes citizens use to describe neighbourhoods, classifying them according to Kano’s Model, and then defines action strategies. The results show that the relationship between most perception attributes and citizens’ evaluations is asymmetrical and non-linear, and therefore perception analysis models should not be compensatory or linear. These findings demonstrate the need to apply this type of technique because traditional techniques are able to identify linear attributes but not basic and exciter factors.
An optimization of the work disruption by 3D cavity mapping using GPR: A new sewerage Project in Torrente (Valencia, Spain)
(Elsevier, 2017) Garcia-Garcia, Francisco; Valls-Ayuso, Ana; Benlloch Marco, Javier; Valcuende Payá, Manuel Octavio; Dpto. de Construcciones Arquitectónicas; Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura; Centro de Investigación de Tecnología de la Edificación
[EN] This paper describes the inspection for cavity detection in an urban area in Torrente (Valencia, Spain). A shallow cave was found during the excavation work for a new sewerage project. Digging activities were stopped immediately and a GPR survey (400 MHZ antenna) was required to reorganise the sewerage planning. The 3D GPR-mapping pinpointed most of the detected cavities on one side of the street. As a result, the sewerage system layout was moved to the side of the street where less evidence of cavities was detected. Therefore, GPR technique is a helpful tool for minimizing costs, time, work safety risks and inconveniences to people living in the neighbourhood during civl engineering works, especially in urbanised areas.
Análisis de métodos para evaluar el refuerzo a esfuerzo cortante con CFRP en vigas de hormigón armado
(CSIC, 2012) Parra, C.; Martínez-Conesa, E.; Valcuende Payá, Manuel Octavio; Garrido, A.; Dpto. de Construcciones Arquitectónicas; Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura; Centro de Investigación de Tecnología de la Edificación
[ES] En este trabajo de investigación se comparan diferentes modelos de cálculo de refuerzo a esfuerzo cortante mediante polímeros reforzados con fibras de carbono (CFRP) clasificados según el modo de fallo. En el diseño del refuerzo se tiene en cuenta la modificación del comportamiento de la viga por el refuerzo. Los estudios muestran que siempre que sea posible, la dirección principal de las fibras debe ser perpendicular a las fisuras de cortante. La contribución del refuerzo a la resistencia a cortante de la viga depende de los estribos de acero existentes en la viga original. Cuando aumenta el espesor del refuerzo la resistencia a cortante de la viga se incrementa. Esta relación tiende a ser lineal cuando la viga no está fisurada. Por último indicar que tanto el ángulo de inclinación de las fisuras, como el cortante resistido por el refuerzo, dependen del ángulo de inclinación de las fibras.
Análisis de viabilidad de sostenibilidad energética renovable de una planta de residuos no peligrosos
(Area de Innovacion y Desarrollo, S.L. - 3 Ciencias, 2022-03) Gómez Gómez, Consuelo; Cárcel Carrasco, Francisco Javier; Martínez Corral, Aurora María; Langa Sanchis, Jaime; Palmero Iglesias, Luís Manuel; Dpto. de Construcciones Arquitectónicas; Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Edificación; Instituto de Tecnología de Materiales; Centro de Investigación de Tecnología de la Edificación; Universitat Politècnica de València
[ES] En este artículo se plantea un estudio de caso sobre la sostenibilidad energética mediante sistemas energéticos renovables de una planta de residuos no peligrosos. Los sistemas de gestión de la calidad y medioambiente permiten la mejora continua de los procesos en industrias y en empresas de construcción. Partiendo de la ISO 14001 de medioambiente y la búsqueda de objetivos de mejora, se estudia la viabilidad de una instalación fotovoltaica para abastecer una de las infraestructuras auxiliares de la planta de Residuos No Peligrosos (RNP). Se establecen los factores clave que permiten implantarla mejorando todos los aspectos sostenibles de la instalación.
LOS ANÁLISIS GRÁFICOS DE LA IGLESIA DE SAN MIGUEL DE FOCES DE IBIECA (HUESCA)
(Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2011) Navarro García, Mª Luisa; López González, Concepción; Rodrigo Molina, Angeles; García Valdecabres, Jorge; Dpto. de Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería del Diseño; Dpto. de Construcciones Arquitectónicas; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Edificación; Centro de Investigación de Tecnología de la Edificación
El objetivo general de ésta investigación ha sido el estudio de la arquitectura desarrollada en la iglesia de San Miguel de Foces (Huesca), construida en el siglo XIII como panteón familiar y donada posteriormente a la Orden de San Juan del Hospital de Jerusalén. Partiendo de una exhaustiva y metodológica toma de datos y el posterior levantamiento de los planos, se ha analizado la metrología empleada en la construcción de las diferentes partes que componen el templo, así como la geometría y de los trazados reguladores empleados en su diseño. A través de estos estudios se ha puesto de manifiesto la importancia que los análisis metrológicos y geométricos tienen en la investigación de las arquitecturas históricas. En este caso en concreto han contribuido a establecer una serie de conclusiones relativas a la organización espacial del templo, las etapas constructivas e historiografía del conjunto arquitectónico del edificio, aportando información novedosa desconocida hasta el momento, reconduciendo determinadas creencias no verificadas documentalmente.
Análisis preliminar de la situacion actual en Italia sobre residuos de construcción y demolición (C&D): Desafíos y oportunidades
(Área de Innovación y Desarrollo,S.L., 2021-11-18) Cárcel Carrasco, Francisco Javier; Martínez Corral, Aurora María; Albiol Ibáñez, José Ramón; Peñalvo López, Elisa; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería del Diseño; Dpto. de Construcciones Arquitectónicas; Dpto. de Ingeniería Eléctrica; Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Ingeniería Energética; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Edificación; Instituto de Tecnología de Materiales; Centro de Investigación de Tecnología de la Edificación; Universitat Politècnica de València
[ES] El volumen de residuos procedentes de la Construcción y Demolición en Europa aumenta cada año, la Unión Europea ha decidido tomar el control del asunto recojiendouna prácticas y objetivos comunes a alcanzar. Este artículo analiza cómo funciona la gestión de residuos en Italia ajustando su sistema a la Unión Europea, en materia de Construcción y Demolición, teniendo en cuenta la disposición de material procedente de la producción de C&D (Construction and Demolition). En Italia, la disposición puede diferir SEGÚN las regiones en las que se divide, y esto debe tenerse en cuenta a la hora de analizar información que refleje los distintos aspectos logísticos vinculados al territorio. También es necesario considerar cómo el volumen de residuos puede variar SEGÚN el tamaño de la región considerada y el tipo de desarrollo industrial al que pertenece. El análisis de la situación italiana muestra sus logros respecto la canti- dad de residuos C&D reciclados que después del 2010 alcanza un valor igual o superior al mínimo establecido por la Union Europea, aunque todavía existen barreras en el campo de su gestión. A través de la recolección de datos, se ha visto el diferente volumen que se genera en las actividades relacionadas con la construcción en el país, junto con el volumen de residuos recuperados. Así, el objetivo de este trabajo es profundizar en el conocimiento general sobre los residuos producidos por la Construcción y Demolición en Italia y las prácticas de gestión de residuos adoptadas SEGÚN la Unión Europea.
Analysis and behavior of different materials in sustainable construction and their alternatives for the improvement of the environment
(Área de Innovación y Desarrollo,S.L., 2021-11-18) Cárcel Carrasco, Francisco Javier; Martínez Corral, Aurora María; Kaur, Jangveer; Llinares Millán, Jaime; Dpto. de Construcciones Arquitectónicas; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Edificación; Instituto de Tecnología de Materiales; Centro de Investigación de Tecnología de la Edificación; European Commission; Universitat Politècnica de València
[EN] The construction sector is widely known for its growing activity and its impact on the environment. The use of different materials within the world of construction has evolved over the years. Thus, thanks to technology, it has been possible to achieve an improvement in the behaviour of certain materials in the world of construction. In this article, different materials from this sector are analysed in order to achieve an improvement and awareness towards a more sustainable construction. The focus has been on the study of the behaviour of these materials and their responses to the phases of construction. As analysed, it has been possible to demonstrate that the controlled evolution of certain materials such as the use of clinker or cementite, significantly improves the context of sustainable construction. On the other hand, by replacing cement by other materials such as fly ash or slag can improve the durability by 50% which is a high figure related to the sustainable point of view, thus can reduce the impact on the environment.
Analysis for the Heritage Consideration of Historic Spanish Railway Stations (1848¿1929)
(MDPI AG, 2022-02) Martínez Corral, Aurora María; Cárcel Carrasco, Francisco Javier; Carnero, María Carmen; Aparicio Fernández, Carolina Sabina; Dpto. de Construcciones Arquitectónicas; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Edificación; Instituto de Tecnología de Materiales; Centro de Investigación de Tecnología de la Edificación; Universitat Politècnica de València
[EN] This article presents the study carried out on the main Spanish historic railway stations to obtain a joint and comparative view of the current state of its heritage conservation. The temporal scope is limited to the construction period of the Spanish historic stations. A motivated selection of a series of extrinsic and intrinsic variables is proposed, checking heritage variables to evaluate the degree of adequate heritage protection. The conclusions of the study show the antithesis between what is to be protected (the railway station) and what is really saved (the passenger building), making it necessary to change the legal protection status from monuments to landscapes. Thus, various interventions can be observed on the disaffected land with no heritage connection. The material and technological valorisation of unique components such as the large platform and track roofs is ignored. It is also observed that the maintenance of railway use is essential and that global interventions lead to a more significant loss of significance than those carried out for maintenance purposes. This leads to the conclusion that preventive conservation is more effective in protecting this heritage than global interventions.
Analysis Method for Studying Groundwater under a Church
(Trans Tech Publications, 2017) Torner Feltrer, María Eugenia Milagro; Mas Tomas, Maria de los Angeles; Lerma Elvira, Carlos; Gil Benso, Enrique; Vercher Sanchis, José María; Padin Devesa, Jorge; Herráez Boquera, José; Dpto. de Construcciones Arquitectónicas; Dpto. de Ingeniería Cartográfica Geodesia y Fotogrametría; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Geodésica, Cartográfica y Topográfica; Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura; Dpto. de Mecánica de los Medios Continuos y Teoría de Estructuras; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Edificación; Grupo de Cartografía, Geodesia y GPS; Centro de Investigación de Tecnología de la Edificación
[EN] The Church of Asunción of Llíria (Valencia, Spain) is one of the best examples of the Valencian Baroque of the seventeenth century. This research has been based on the study of the building from an urban, historical, and especially, a constructive view. In fact, the location of this particular church is very unique because it is embedded within the mountain. For the construction of the church, first, it was necessary to dig into the mountain. Thus, there is a strong gap between the main entrance of the church and the rear. This research work provides the analysis of the ground humidity throughout the GPR technique. We have analyzed the subsoil of the whole church by various cuts or paths, longitudinal and transversal measurements that have allowed us to produce a three-dimensional model of the land on which the church stands. We have also analyzed the homogeneity or the heterogeneity of the land in each area and the presence of certain ground water routes. It has been analyzed the rising damp on the walls and pillars of the church. To this end, it has been employed a moisture analyzer and it has been obtained the moisture content over a period of six months. With this information it has been able to identify those points that are systematically wetter.
Analysis of Energy Efficiency in Construction Solutions at the Facade-slab Connection
(Trans Tech Publications, 2013-09) Vercher Sanchis, José María; Lerma Elvira, Carlos; Vidal Martinez, M.Soledad; Gil Benso, Enrique; Dpto. de Construcciones Arquitectónicas; Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura; Dpto. de Mecánica de los Medios Continuos y Teoría de Estructuras; Centro de Investigación de Tecnología de la Edificación
Façade-slab connection is the main thermal bridge of buildings. In this work, different options are analyzed according to the location of the thermal insulation. Heat loss is measured for each option. According to thermal analysis performed we conclude that cover the building¿s façade completely without interruption at the slab¿s front is essential to avoid thermal bridges. The new option that interrupts the cantilever to put insulation on the entire façade is just effective to isolate the entire cantilever and is an easier constructive solution. This insulation continuity is needed to prevent ceiling condensation, since the energy saving is not important compared to windows thermal loss.
Analysis of the energy performance strategies in a historical building used as a music school
(Elsevier, 2023-10) Aparicio Fernández, Carolina Sabina; Torner Feltrer, María Eugenia Milagro; Cañada Soriano, Mar; Vivancos Bono, José Luís; Dpto. de Proyectos de Ingeniería; Dpto. de Termodinámica Aplicada; Dpto. de Construcciones Arquitectónicas; Dpto. de Mecánica de los Medios Continuos y Teoría de Estructuras; Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Ingeniería Energética; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Edificación; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial; Centro de Investigación de Tecnología de la Edificación; AGENCIA ESTATAL DE INVESTIGACION; Universitat Politècnica de València
[EN] Energy consumption in public education buildings depends on use and occupancy. To improve energy performance, energy audits are essential to identify specific solutions for each building. In this study, we conducted an energy audit of a historical building used as a public education centre. We collected gas and electricity bills and recorded indoor temperatures for over a year to determine heating and cooling set points and the schedules. Our analysis showed that 47.42% of the electricity bills were unused. To reduce energy demand and improve thermal comfort, we both developed and validated a Building Energy Modelling (BEM) approach using TRNSYS18 and weather data during year 2021. The BEM model allowed us to propose efficient measures to meet the Standard Passive requirements. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of energy audits and BEM modelling in reducing energy consumption in public education buildings.
Analysis of the optimization of resources with Learning Analytics techniques
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2023-10-03) Torner Feltrer, María Eugenia Milagro; Aparicio Fernández, Carolina Sabina; Vivancos Bono, José Luís; Cañada Soriano, Mar; Dpto. de Proyectos de Ingeniería; Dpto. de Termodinámica Aplicada; Dpto. de Construcciones Arquitectónicas; Dpto. de Mecánica de los Medios Continuos y Teoría de Estructuras; Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Ingeniería Energética; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Edificación; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial; Centro de Investigación de Tecnología de la Edificación
[EN] This paper presents an empirical study based on the learning environment through different data analysis tools. The study is applied to the subject of Theory of Machines and Materials Resistance of the Chemical Engineering degree at the Universitat Politècnica de València (Spain), with the aim of being able to understand and optimise with greater knowledge the way of learning taught, to know what is more difficult for the students and to create a more personalised learning environment. In order to achieve this, it is important to have as much information as possible about the use and usefulness of the resources provided to the students as a teacher. Knowing this data will allow us to provide more efficient resources and to change those that, through data analysis, are not being useful to students. The results of this research show how, through applications such as Learning Analytics, greater performance can be obtained in both teaching and learning.
Analysis of the residual safety level in R/C slabs with severe joist corrosion
(American Society of Civil Engineers, 2014) Vercher Sanchis, José María; Gil Benso, Enrique; Mas Tomas, Maria de los Angeles; Cubel Arjona, Francisco José; Dpto. de Construcciones Arquitectónicas; Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura; Dpto. de Mecánica de los Medios Continuos y Teoría de Estructuras; Centro de Investigación de Tecnología de la Edificación
An analysis until the failure on a series of one-way slabs with severe corrosion at the lower reinforcement of the R/C joists is presented. Different positions in the slab and number of damaged joists have been studied, obtaining the residual safety assessment in cases of slabs damaged by flexural failure mechanisms. Since the boundary conditions have proved decisive for obtaining the behavior, the damaged slab has been evaluated as part of the entire building, as precisely as possible, taking into account the different phases of the construction process and deterioration in time, and the complex behavior of concrete, steel and masonry. The results of the proposed methodology are consistent with the pathology of the observed cases. As a result of this study the authors propose practical recommendations to help in making decisions about the magnitude of the intervention, always necessary in this type of pathology.

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