Artículos, conferencias, monografías

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Esta colección está formada por artículos, conferencias, comunicaciones y otras publicaciones elaborados por miembros de la Universitat Politècnica de València.

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3D printing of gels based on xanthan/konjac gums
(Elsevier, 2020-08) García Segovia, Purificación; García-Alcaraz, V.; Balasch Parisi, Sebastià; Martínez Monzó, Javier; Dpto. de Tecnología de Alimentos; Dpto. de Estadística e Investigación Operativa Aplicadas y Calidad; Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería de Alimentos (FoodUPV); Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y del Medio Natural; Centro de Investigación en Acuicultura y Medio Ambiente
[EN] 3D printing technology is a promising technology with the possibility of use for developing personalised food. To make this technology easier, and readily available for consumers, greater knowledge of the printing conditions and characteristics of food-ink is needed. This paper investigates the printability of gels based on syrup, xanthan, and konjac gums, while affecting printing variables. Those variables include the printing temperature (25¿°C and 50¿°C) and the composition of the product analysed using rheological and textural characterisation techniques. Also, the link between rheological and textural properties of gels, and printability was analysed. The higher values of G¿, G¿ and ¿* correlated to the mixtures with lower syrup concentration, and higher values of xanthan and konjac gum. Syrup, xanthan gum and konjac gum content influenced the textural properties. With the increase of syrup content, the Fmax, Fmean, Area, and slope showed reductions giving more weak gels. Rheological and textural values can define composition of formulations that give rise to valid 3D printed figures. Industrial relevance There is an increasing market need for customized food products. Three-dimensional (3D) food printing will be developed in the coming years. Undoubtedly, food printing can have many advantages, but whether the market is ready for such a big change and the technology will grow fast enough are the questions. Also it seems to be the right solution to meet the needs of today's consumers who increasingly have too little time to prepare meals on their own, especially in small or single-person households. In the future, ready, healthy meal, tailored to their individual needs, will be waiting when coming home. 3D printed gels can contribute to develop personalised food with specific nutritional characteristics. For example, this kind of gels can be used to manufacture soft foods for the elderly who have problems to swallow.
A classification of landscape services to support landscape planning
(Resilience Alliance, 2014) Vallés Planells, María Concepción; Galiana Galán, Francisco; Eetvelde, Veerle Van; Dpto. de Ingeniería Rural y Agroalimentaria; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y del Medio Natural; Centro de Investigación en Acuicultura y Medio Ambiente; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; Universitat Politècnica de València
The ecosystem services approach has been proven successful to measure the contributions of nature and greenery to human well-being. Ecosystems have an effect on quality of life, but landscapes also, as a broader concept, may contribute to people s well-being. The concept of landscape services, compared to ecosystem services, involves the social dimension of landscape and the spatial pattern resulting from both natural and human processes in the provision of benefits for human-well being. Our aim is to develop a classification for landscape services. The proposed typology of services is built on the Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (CICES) and on a critical review of existing literature on human well-being dimensions, existing ecosystem service classifications, and landscape perception. Three themes of landscape services are defined, each divided into several groups: provisioning, regulation and maintenance, cultural and social life fulfillment, with the latter focusing on health, enjoyment, and personal and social fulfillment. A special emphasis is made on cultural services, which are especially important when applied to landscape and which have received less attention.
A Cuboid Registers Topic, Activity and Competency Data to Exude Feedforward and Continuous Assessment of Competencies
(MDPI AG, 2022-02) Minguez-Aroca, Francisco; Moll López, Santiago Emmanuel; Llobregat Gómez, Nuria; Sánchez Ruiz, Luis Manuel; Dpto. de Matemática Aplicada; Dpto. de Lingüística Aplicada; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería del Diseño; Centro de Investigación en Tecnologías Gráficas; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Informática; Centro de Investigación en Acuicultura y Medio Ambiente; Universitat Politècnica de València
[EN] Evaluating competencies achieved by students within a subject and its different topics is a multivariable and complex task whose outcome should provide actual information on their evolution. A relevant feature when a continuous assessment (CA) rules this evaluation is to track their learning process so that pertinent feedforward may be harnessed to proactively promote improvement when required. As this process is performed via a number of activities, such as lectures, problem solving, and lab practice, different competencies are developed, depending on the recurrence and type of conducted activity. Measuring and registering their achievement is the leitmotif of competency-based assessment. In this paper, we assemble topic, activity and competency data into a 3D matrix array to form what we call a TAC cuboid. This cuboid showcases a detailed account of each student evolution, aiding instructors and students to design and follow, respectively, an individualized curricular strategy within a continuous and aligned assessment methodology, which facilitates each student to adequately modify his/her level of development of each competency. In addition, we compare the TAC cuboids' usage in grading a mathematics subject versus a traditional CA method as well as when a dynamical continuous assessment approach is considered to measure the achievement of mathematical competencies.
A heuristic to minimize the inventory value of repairable parts with service constraints: application to an airline company
(OmniaScience, 2013) Cardós Carboneras, Manuel Javier; Babiloni Griñón, María Eugenia; Palmer Gato, Marta Elena; Guijarro Tarradellas, Ester; Centro de Investigación en Gestión de Empresas (CEGEA); Dpto. de Organización de Empresas; Facultad de Administración y Dirección de Empresas; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial; Centro de Investigación en Acuicultura y Medio Ambiente; Universitat Politècnica de València
[EN] Purpose: This paper focuses on the improvement of the inventory management of repairable parts of the airline company Air Nostrum. The company uses a common sales replacement policy to manage their repairable parts and the same target fill rate for every item. This target is very high in order to assure a high availability of the aircrafts, dealing also to a high inventory value. Design/methodology/approach: However, this paper shows that an alternative heuristic approach outperforms the previous one terms of inventory value while fulfilling the target fill rate. Findings: This improvement is illustrated with an extensive and real dataset and may lead to a significant inventory reduction. Originality/value: Therefore, a company can design its inventory policies applying this heuristic focused on inventory reduction with a service level constraint instead of the usual cost optimization or service level fulfillment.
A methodology for discriminant time series analysis applied to microclimate monitoring of fresco paintings
(MDPI AG, 2021-01) Ramírez, Sandra; Zarzo Castelló, Manuel; Perles Ivars, Ángel Francisco; García Diego, Fernando Juan; Dpto. de Física Aplicada; Dpto. de Informática de Sistemas y Computadores; Instituto Universitario de Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicaciones; Dpto. de Estadística e Investigación Operativa Aplicadas y Calidad; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería del Diseño; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Informática; Grupo de Ingeniería Estadística Multivariante GIEM; Centro de Investigación en Acuicultura y Medio Ambiente; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; COMISION DE LAS COMUNIDADES EUROPEA; Instituto Colombiano de Crédito Educativo y Estudios Técnicos en el Exterior
[EN] The famous Renaissance frescoes in Valencia¿s Cathedral (Spain) have been kept under confined temperature and relative humidity (RH) conditions for about 300 years, until the removal of the baroque vault covering them, carried out in 2006. In the interest of longer-term preservation and in order to maintain these frescoes in good condition, a unique monitoring system was implemented to record both air temperature and RH. Sensors were installed in different points at the vault of the apse, during the restoration process. The present study proposes a statistical methodology for analyzing a subset of RH data recorded in 2008 and 2010, from the sensors. This methodology is based on fitting different functions and models to the time series, in order to classify the sensors. The methodology proposed, computes classification variables and applies a discriminant technique to them. The classification variables correspond to estimates of parameters of the models and features such as mean and maximum, among others. These features are computed using values of the functions such as spectral density, sample autocorrelation (sample ACF), sample partial autocorrelation (sample PACF), and moving range (MR). The classification variables computed were structured as a matrix. Next, Sparse Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (sPLS-DA) was applied in order to discriminate sensors according to their position in the vault. It was found that the classification of sensors derived from Seasonal ARIMA-TGARCH showed the best performance (i.e., lowest classification error rate). Based on these results, the methodology applied here can be useful for characterizing the differences in RH, measured at different positions in a historical building.
A Methodology for the Multi-Point Characterization of Short-Term Temperature Fluctuations in Complex Microclimates Based on the European Standard EN 15757:2010: Application to the Archaeological Museum of L'Almoina (Valencia, Spain)
(MDPI AG, 2021-11) Díaz-Arellano, Ignacio; Zarzo Castelló, Manuel; García Diego, Fernando Juan; Perles Ivars, Ángel Francisco; Dpto. de Física Aplicada; Dpto. de Informática de Sistemas y Computadores; Instituto Universitario de Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicaciones; Dpto. de Estadística e Investigación Operativa Aplicadas y Calidad; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería del Diseño; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Informática; Grupo de Ingeniería Estadística Multivariante GIEM; Centro de Investigación en Acuicultura y Medio Ambiente; COMISION DE LAS COMUNIDADES EUROPEA
[EN] The monitoring and control of thermo-hygrometric indoor conditions is necessary for an adequate preservation of cultural heritage. The European standard EN 15757:2010 specifies a procedure for determining if seasonal patterns of relative humidity (RH) and temperature are adequate for the long-term preservation of hygroscopic materials on display at museums, archives, libraries or heritage buildings. This procedure is based on the characterization of the seasonal patterns and the calculation of certain control limits, so that it is possible to assess whether certain changes in the microclimate can be harmful for the preventive conservation of artworks, which would lead to the implementation of corrective actions. In order to discuss the application of this standard, 27 autonomous data-loggers were located in different points at the Archaeological Museum of l¿Almoina (Valencia). The HVAC system (heating, ventilation and air conditioning) at the museum tries to reach certain homogeneous environment, which becomes a challenge because parts of the ruins are covered by a skylight that produces a greenhouse effect in summer, resulting in severe thermo-hygrometric gradients. Based on the analysis of temperatures recorded during 16 months, the air conditions in this museum are discussed according to the standard EN 15757:2010, and some corrective measures are proposed to improve the conservation conditions. Although this standard is basically intended for data recorded from a single sensor, an alternative approach proposed in this work is to find zones inside the museum with a homogeneous microclimate and to discuss next the average values collected in each area. A methodology is presented to optimize the application of this standard in places with a complex microclimate like this case, when multiple sensors are located at different positions.
A model of collaborative innovation between local government and tourism operators
(2017) Pons Morera, Carlos; Canós Darós, Lourdes; Gil Pechuán, Ignacio; Dpto. de Organización de Empresas; Facultad de Administración y Dirección de Empresas; Escuela Politécnica Superior de Gandia; Instituto de Investigación para la Gestión Integrada de Zonas Costeras; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Informática; Grupo de Investigación en Reingeniería, Organización, trabajo en Grupo y Logística Empresarial - ROGLE; Centro de Investigación en Acuicultura y Medio Ambiente
[EN] This research proposes a framework for collaborative innovation in a public private partnership by applying techniques that combine quantitative data collection and qualitative depth. It proposes a collaborative model that looks to provide competitive advantage by improving tourist services from two perspectives: from the core of public administration, and from the private tourist sector perspective.
A Portable Dynamic Laser Speckle System for Sensing Long-Term Changes Caused by Treatments in Painting Conservation
(MDPI AG, 2018-01-11) Pérez Jiménez, Alberto José; Gonzalez-Peña, Rolando J.; Braga, Roberto, Jr.; Perles Ivars, Ángel Francisco; Pérez Marín, Eva; García Diego, Fernando Juan; Dpto. de Física Aplicada; Instituto Universitario Mixto de Tecnología de Informática; Dpto. de Informática de Sistemas y Computadores; Instituto Universitario de Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicaciones; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería del Diseño; Dpto. de Conservación y Restauración de Bienes Culturales; Facultad de Bellas Artes; Instituto Universitario de Restauración del Patrimonio; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Informática; Centro de Investigación en Acuicultura y Medio Ambiente; Generalitat Valenciana; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad
[EN] Dynamic laser speckle (DLS) is used as a reliable sensor of activity for all types of materials. Traditional applications are based on high-rate captures (usually greater than 10 frames-per-second, fps). Even for drying processes in conservation treatments, where there is a high level of activity in the first moments after the application and slower activity after some minutes or hours, the process is based on the acquisition of images at a time rate that is the same in moments of high and low activity. In this work, we present an alternative approach to track the drying process of protective layers and other painting conservation processes that take a long time to reduce their levels of activity. We illuminate, using three different wavelength lasers, a temporary protector (cyclododecane) and a varnish, and monitor them using a low fps rate during long-term drying. The results are compared to the traditional method. This work also presents a monitoring method that uses portable equipment. The results present the feasibility of using the portable device and show the improved sensitivity of the dynamic laser speckle when sensing the long-term process for drying cyclododecane and varnish in conservation.
A refined model on flow and oxygen consumption in the human cornea depending on the oxygen tension at the interface cornea_post lens tear film during contact lens wear
(Elsevier, 2022-04-27) Compañ Moreno, Vicente; Aguilella-Arzo, Marcel; del Castillo, Roxana M.; Espinos Gutierrez, Francisco Juan; del Castillo, Luis Felipe; Dpto. de Ciencia Animal; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y del Medio Natural; Centro de Investigación en Acuicultura y Medio Ambiente; Universitat Jaume I; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; European Regional Development Fund; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
[EN] The study of oxygen consumption rate under¿ in vivo¿ human cornea during contact lens wear has been technically a challenge and several attempts have been made in the last 20 years to model the physiology of the human cornea during contact lens wear. Unfortunately, some of these models, based on a constant corneal oxygen consumption rate, produce areas on the cornea where the oxygen tension is negative, which has no physical sense. In order to avoid such inconsistency, different researchers have developed alternative models of oxygen consumption, which predict the likely oxygen metrics available at the interface cornea/post lens tear film by determination of oxygen flux, oxygen consumption, and oxygen tension through the different layers (endothelium, stroma, and epithelium). Although oxygen deficiency produces corneal edema, corneal swelling, hypoxia, acidosis, and other abnormalities, the estimation of the oxygen distribution below the impact of a contact lens wear is interesting to know which lens transmissibility was adequate to maintain the cornea and avoid epithelial and stromal anoxia. The estimation of minimum transmissibility for a lens for extended wear applications will be very useful for both clinicians and manufacturers. The aim of this work is to present a complete discussion based on Monod kinetics model that permits give an estimation of oxygen partial pressure distribution, the profile distribution of corneal flux and oxygen consumption rate, and finally the estimation of the relaxation mechanism of the cornea depending on the oxygen tension at the interface cornea/post lens tear film. Relaxation time in this context can quantify the capability of the corneal tissue to adapt to increasing concentrations of oxygen. It is proposed this parameter as a biological meaningful indicator of the interaction between contact lens polymers and living tissues such as the corneal cellular layer.
A statistical approach for a-posteriori deployment of microclimate sensors in museums: a case study
(MDPI AG, 2022-06) Frasca, Francesca; Verticchio, Elena; Merello, Paloma; Zarzo Castelló, Manuel; Grinde, Andreas; Fazio, Eugenio; García Diego, Fernando Juan; Siani, Anna Maria; Dpto. de Física Aplicada; Dpto. de Estadística e Investigación Operativa Aplicadas y Calidad; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Informática; Grupo de Ingeniería Estadística Multivariante GIEM; Centro de Investigación en Acuicultura y Medio Ambiente; COMISION DE LAS COMUNIDADES EUROPEA
[EN] The deployment of sensors is the first issue encountered when microclimate monitoring is planned in spaces devoted to the conservation of artworks. Sometimes, the first decision regarding the position of sensors may not be suitable for characterising the microclimate close to climate sensitive artworks or should be revised in light of new circumstances. This paper fits into this context by proposing a rational approach for a posteriori deployment of microclimate sensors in museums where long-term temperature and relative humidity observations were available (here, the Rosenborg Castle, Copenhagen, Denmark). Different statistical tools such as box-and-whisker plots, principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) were used to identify microclimate patterns, i.e., similarities of indoor air conditions among rooms. Box-and-whisker plots allowed us to clearly identify one microclimate pattern in two adjoining rooms located in the basement. Multivariate methods (PCA and CA) enabled us to identify further microclimate patterns by grouping not only adjoining rooms but also rooms located on different floors. Based on these outcomes, new configurations about the deployment of sensors were proposed aimed at avoiding redundant sensors and collecting microclimate observations in other sensitive locations of this museum.
A statistical system management method to tackle data uncertainty when using key performance indicators of the balanced scorecard
(Elsevier, 2018) Sánchez-Márquez, Rafael; Albarracín Guillem, José Miguel; Vicens Salort, Eduardo; Jabaloyes Vivas, José Manuel; Dpto. de Organización de Empresas; Facultad de Administración y Dirección de Empresas; Dpto. de Estadística e Investigación Operativa Aplicadas y Calidad; Centro de Investigación en Gestión e Ingeniería de Producción; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial; Centro de Gestión de la Calidad y del Cambio; Centro de Investigación en Acuicultura y Medio Ambiente
[EN] This work is focused on the development of a graphical method using statistical non-parametric tests for randomness and parametric tests to detect significant trends and shifts in key performance indicators from balanced scorecards. It provides managers and executives with a tool to determine if processes are improving or decaying. The method tackles the hitherto unresolved problem of data uncertainty due to sample size for key performance indicators on scorecards. The method has been developed and applied in a multinational manufacturing company using scorecard data from two complete years as a case study approach to test validity and effectiveness.
A systemic methodology for the reduction of complexity of the balanced scorecard in the manufacturing environment
(Taylor & Francis, 2020-01-01) Sánchez-Márquez, Rafael; Albarracín Guillem, José Miguel; Vicens Salort, Eduardo; Jabaloyes Vivas, José Manuel; Dpto. de Organización de Empresas; Facultad de Administración y Dirección de Empresas; Dpto. de Estadística e Investigación Operativa Aplicadas y Calidad; Centro de Investigación en Gestión e Ingeniería de Producción; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial; Centro de Gestión de la Calidad y del Cambio; Centro de Investigación en Acuicultura y Medio Ambiente
[EN] The main objective of this paper is to develop and validate a methodology to select the most important key performance indicators from the balanced scorecard. The methodology uses and validates the implicit systemic hypothesis in the balanced scorecard model, together with a qualitative and statistical analysis. It helps to determine a small set of indicators that summarizes the company's performance. The method was tested using actual data of 3 complete years of a multinational manufacturing company's balanced scorecard. The results showed that the scorecard can be summarized in six metrics, one for each dimension, from an initial scorecard composed of 90 indicators. In addition to reducing complexity, the method tackles the hitherto unresolved issues of the analysis of the trade-offs between different dimensions and the lagged effects between metrics.
Adaptation of pressurized irrigation networks to new strategies ofirrigation management: Energy implications of low discharge andpulsed irrigation
(Elsevier Masson, 2016-05) Garcia-Prats, Alberto; Guillem Picó, Santiago; Dpto. de Ingeniería Cartográfica Geodesia y Fotogrametría; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y del Medio Natural; Centro de Investigación en Acuicultura y Medio Ambiente; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; European Regional Development Fund
This paper analyzes the consequences of adopting new on-farm irrigation management strategies (lowdischarge rates, long irrigation times and high frequencies) in an existing on-demand and sectorizedpressurized irrigation system in eastern Spain. The sectorized behavior of the network was analyzedusing two criteria: (i) the operating sectors obtained in a first stage by arranging the hydrants dependingon their altitude respecting the pumping station and (ii) the operating sectors obtained by means ofan optimization process. The Simulated Annealing combinatorial metaheuristic optimization techniquewas employed to find the best solution. Random on-demand patterns were generated using a Montecarlosimulation. The hydraulic requirements of the network were analyzed in every scenario by the Epanet2.0 engine. The effect on energy consumption, power requirements and energy costs was assessed takinginto account the electricity tariff billing structure. It was found that reductions in emitter discharge (qe)and Energy consumption (E)-Energy Cost (EC) savings are not inherently related to each other. Certainamounts of E and EC could be saved when the number of sectors and operating time parameters wereproperly selected. Pulsed irrigation in the current scenario showed an energy saving potential of 10.67,6.43 and 6.99% for power capacity, E and EC, respectively.
Adult spawning and early larval development of the endangered bivalve Pinna nobilis
(Elsevier, 2018) Trigos, Sergio; Vicente, Nardo; Prado, Patricia; Espinos Gutierrez, Francisco Juan; Dpto. de Ciencia Animal; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y del Medio Natural; Centro de Investigación en Acuicultura y Medio Ambiente; Caisse d'epargne Côte d'Azur
[EN] The development of aquaculture activities has posed an alternative solution for the preservation of some overexploited shell¿sh ¿sheries worldwide. In the same way, endemic Mediterranean bivalves such as Pinna nobilis, highly threatened by habitat loss and coastal pollution, could found in aquaculture a solution for preserving the continuity of the species. Given the endangered status of the species, the biological and ecological processes regulating natural populations have been well studied, but there are still important knowledge gaps preventing the development of viable arti¿cial cultures. This study describes for the ¿rst time the larval development of P. nobilis (from fertilization until pediveliger larval stages) in captivity conditions. Moreover, di¿erent rearing tanks of 5, 16 and 80 L, larvae density from 1 to 600 larvae mL¿1, light conditions, food doses, were tested in order to establish the bases for the optimal rearing of the species and provide a source of individuals for restoring ¿eld populations. Results showed that 16 L tanks with a concentration of 2 larvae mL¿1, constant temperature of 21 °C, 12/12 h photoperiod and fed with an ¿optimal¿ mixture of 25 cells per ¿L of Chaetoceros calcitrans + 33.3 cells per¿L ofPavlova lutheri + 100 cells per¿L ofIsochrysis galbana¿ appear to be the best conditions to rearlarvae ofP. nobilis.Di¿erentcaptivity conditions such as loweror highertank volume, larvae density, or food doses; light privation did not report better results for larval development.
AHP for indicators of sustainable forestry under Mediterranean conditions
(Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria, 2017) Valls Donderis, Pablo; Vallés Planells, María Concepción; Galiana Galán, Francisco; Dpto. de Ingeniería Rural y Agroalimentaria; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y del Medio Natural; Centro de Investigación en Acuicultura y Medio Ambiente; Generalitat Valenciana; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
[EN] Aim of study: To verify and prioritise a set of sustainable forestry indicators using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Area of study: Participants were Spanish; indicators were meant to be applied in forest management units (FMUs) under Mediterranean conditions. Material and methods: An AHP questionnaire was developed and sent to experts. Main results: the set of indicators aimed to be comprehensive. Indicators were ranked and the ranking allows ascertaining what aspects are more relevant in relation to Mediterranean sustainable forestry. Issues like regeneration or habitats conservation got high values, whereas others like hunting activity were not seen as important by most experts. Research highlights: - Sustainable forest management (SFM) considerations for Mediterranean forests. - Indicators adapt to ecosystem services.
An economic, perception and biophysical approach to the use of oat straw as mulch in Mediterranean rainfed agriculture land
(Elsevier, 2017-11) Cerda, Artemi; Rodrigo Comino, Jesus; Giménez Morera, Antonio; Keesstra, Saskia; Dpto. de Economía y Ciencias Sociales; Escuela Politécnica Superior de Alcoy; Centro de Investigación en Acuicultura y Medio Ambiente; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
[EN] Soil erosion is a key cause of land degradation in agriculture lands; and it is a worldwide threat that must be solved by means of nature-based strategies to be able to achieve sustainability. The use of mulches can be a solution, but there is a lack of information on long-term effects of the use of straw. Furthermore, little is known about the perception of farmers and the economic cost on the implantation of straw as a conservation measure. Eight paired plots were selected in Sierra de Enguera on an agriculture field to determine the effect of straw cover on soil erosion. Four plots were tilled three times per year (Control) and four plots were not ploughed and 0.125 kg m(-2) y(-1) of oat straw cover was applied yearly (Straw). The plots were established in 2002, and runoff and sediment was continuously collected after each rainfall event from 2004 till 2014 when the two managements were applied. The results show an immediate effect of the straw mulches as in these plots the runoff (from 7.7 till 5.9%) and soil erosion (from 47 till 26 Mg ha(-1) y(-1)) was reduced already in the first year. The combined effect of the use of straw yearly and the no-tillage strategy resulted in a reduction of the sediment yield, and 11 years later soil erosion rates were two orders of magnitude lower than in the control plot. However, the perception of the farmers on the use of straw is very negative and they claim that subsidies need to be implemented, as the cost of straw mulch is 1.9 times more expensive than traditional tillage.
An energy-efficient internet of things (IoT) architecture for preventive conservation of cultural heritage
(Elsevier, 2018) Perles Ivars, Ángel Francisco; Pérez Marín, Eva; Mercado Romero, Ricardo; Segrelles Quilis, José Damián; Blanquer Espert, Ignacio; Zarzo Castelló, Manuel; García Diego, Fernando Juan; Dpto. de Física Aplicada; Dpto. de Informática de Sistemas y Computadores; Dpto. de Sistemas Informáticos y Computación; Instituto Universitario de Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicaciones; Dpto. de Estadística e Investigación Operativa Aplicadas y Calidad; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería del Diseño; Dpto. de Conservación y Restauración de Bienes Culturales; Facultad de Bellas Artes; Instituto Universitario de Restauración del Patrimonio; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Informática; Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular; Grupo de Ingeniería Estadística Multivariante GIEM; Centro de Investigación en Acuicultura y Medio Ambiente; Generalitat Valenciana; Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad
[EN] Internet of Things (IoT) technologies can facilitate the preventive conservation of cultural heritage (CH) by enabling the management of data collected from electronic sensors. This work presents an IoT architecture for this purpose. Firstly, we discuss the requirements from the artwork standpoint, data acquisition, cloud processing and data visualization to the end user. The results presented in this work focuses on the most critical aspect of the architecture, which are the sensor nodes. We designed a solution based on LoRa and Sigfox technologies to produce the minimum impact in the artwork, achieving a lifespan of more than 10 years. The solution will be capable of scaling the processing and storage resources, deployed either in a public or on-premise cloud, embedding complex predictive models. This combination of technologies can cope with different types of cultural heritage environments.
An exploratory study of the determinants of switching and loyalty in prepaid cell phone users. An application of concept mapping
(Springer Verlag (Germany), 2013-12) Miranda Gumucio, Luis Fernando; Gil Pechuán, Ignacio; Palacios Marqués, Daniel; Dpto. de Organización de Empresas; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería del Diseño; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Informática; Centro de Investigación en Acuicultura y Medio Ambiente
This study uses empirical data to identify the reasons that lead customers to discontinue their association with a cell phone company, along with aspects that foster customer loyalty with a view to strengthening business strategy, so that factors valued by customers are reinforced and those that can lead to switching can be avoided. Pricing strategy, network quality, innovation and development of products and services, and customer care are the major determinants of loyalty: while costly rates, problems related to technological capability, a lack of innovative promotions and deficiencies in the quality of customer care are the main reasons for switching.
ANÀLISI FINANCERA DE L'EMPRESA TURÍSTICA
(Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015-02-03) Gil Santiago, Carlos; Dpto. de Economía y Ciencias Sociales; Escuela Politécnica Superior de Gandia; Centro de Investigación en Acuicultura y Medio Ambiente
Este manual presenta les línies bàsiques per a la iniciació a les finances en el sector turístic, partint d'un nivell intel·ligible per no iniciats en la matèria. Repartit en tres grans blocs, comença per una introducció a les finances, on enumera les funcions de la direcció financera de l'empresa i analitza, amb més profunditat, dos ferramentes bàsiques en la gestió empresarial, com són el Pressupost de Tresoreria i el Període Mitjà de Maduració Empresarial. El segon bloc està dedicat al finançament de projectes, on s'estudia per separat els recursos de procedència interna de l'empresa, via manteniment i enriquiment, i aquells que procedixen de fonts de finançament externes, amb especial atenció a les ampliacions de capital i les operacions de crèdit bancari. Finalment, el tercer bloc s'ocupa de l'anàlisi de la viabilitat dels projectes d'inversió i la jerarquització d'inversions, estudiant distints models d'anàlisi d'inversions i ordenació de les mateixes
Un análisis sistemático de los parámetros urbanísticos de la edificación
(Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2013-06) Romero Aloy, María Jesús; Dpto. de Urbanismo; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Edificación; Centro de Investigación en Acuicultura y Medio Ambiente
[EN] The building plan contains the details and the step-by-step legal system that architectural projects and buildings must strictly follow. Consequently, these parameters are of common use in the profession and are profuse. However those concepts lack precision a nd therefore have provoked negative operational consequences. We effect a rationalization of the parameters fixing a precise content for those concepts. We have based this work on the development of regulations made on some autonomous communities.

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